This volume looks at both Jesuit efforts to engage Muslim populations with Europe, such as the Moriscos, and the work of Jesuit missionaries and others in settings such as Constantinople. The activities of the Society of Jesus along the eastern frontier with the Ottoman Empire is detailed, as are the careers of individual Jesuits such as Tomás de León and Antonio Possevino who devoted much of their careers to responding to the claims of Islam and the pressures applied on Christian Europe by Muslim polities. Less well-known Jesuit personalities such as the translator Ignazio Lomellini are also profiled.