In medicine, a prosthesis is an artificial device extension that replaces a missing body part. It is part of the field of biomechatronics, the science of using mechanical devices with human muscle, skeleton, and nervous systems to assist or enhance motor control lost by trauma, disease, or defect. Common prosthetic devices used today include hearing aids, artificial eyes, palatal obturator, gastric bands, and dentures. This book presents current research in the design, types and complications of prosthetics. Topics discussed include total hip replacement with a short metaphysical-fitting anatomic cementless femoral component in young and elderly patients; complications of total knee arthroplasty; dental prostheses and implants; prostheses for middle ear ossicular chain reconstruction; bioprostheses in hernia repair and shoulder replacement in osteoarthritis.