Traps are behavioral patterns created by human beings to both prevent embarrassment and be more effective. This is the definitive work of thought leader Chris Argyris. He provides multiple examples of Traps, drawing from business, government, and the classroom and includes a model to explain why Traps are created and maintained even though the leaders recognize them as being counterproductive. He also examines advice from leading researchers and practitioners provide in the areas of effective leadership, organizational culture, and organizational design. The book is written for professionals in organizational behavior and design.