This volume demonstrates the possibility of harmonising agricultural production with the wellbeing of the biosphere - and that this can be achieved in Africa, our biosphere's least developed continent, and the continent which is likely to suffer most from climate change. The work presented in this volume stems from a Conference on Ecological Agriculture held in Ethiopia in 2008. Through the discussions held during this Conference and field visits to Tigray, a region struck by hunger in the eighties and largely food secure today, participants shared insights on Africa's potential for intensifying its agriculture through a better use of natural resources and ecosystem services.