This is the second volume of the topical issue “Mathematics and
Geosciences: Global and Local Perspectives” which embraces 21 papers on
different topics relating to Mathematics and Geosciences. They address
different topics under both global and local perspectives, such as a method for
calculating probabilities for large events in systems such as earthquakes,
typhoons, etc.; the use of the Laplace–Fourier-domain full waveform inversion
technique to deep-sea seismic data; discrete element modeling; step-edge
detection filters, study of a transition zone of the Narmada-Son lineament;
integral formulae for recovering the sub-crustal stress from terrestrial
gravimetric data; numerical simulations of earthquake fault systems and their
use to estimate gravity changes; application of Gaussian clustering to joint
interpretation of seismic and magnetotelluric data; on the reliability and
fidelity of archaeomagnetic and volcanic records to recover the past evolution
of the Earth’s magnetic field; the study, for the first time, of variations in
absolute surface geostrophic currents (SGC) using satellite data only;
discussion of the inconsistency of IAU2000 non-rigid earth nutation model; the
study of nonlinear anisotropic diffusive filtering applied to the ocean´s MDT;
the numerical solution of a nonhydrostatic ocean model; Hydrological-Hydraulic
models; Steiner rearrangement of a function to study the effectiveness of
chemical reactors for the treatment of wastewaters; GNSS software; the study of
the fractal dimensions for the identification of bedrock lithology; the study
of the Uruk archaeological site (southern Iraq) by integrated geophysical
methods; mathematical model for patchy landscapes; study of pore space soil
structure; and the results of comparison between transverse electric-type
fields and between transverse magnetic and transverse electromagnetic fields.

As the previous one, volume
II addresses the interest of scientists of many of the branches in Earth
Sciences as well as postgraduate students, covering both approaches, applied
and theoretical ones, to solve many different problems in Geosciences with the
help of mathematical models and methods.