In recent years, the Monge Ampere Equation has received attention for its role in several new areas of applied mathematics: As a new method of discretization for evolution equations of classical mechanics, such as the Euler equation, flow in porous media, Hele Shaw flow, etc., as a simple model for optimal transportation and a div-curl decomposition with affine invariance, and as a model for front formation in meteorology and optimal antenna design. These applications were addressed and important theoretical advances presented at a NSF-CBMS conference held at Florida Atlantic University (Boca Raton). L. Cafarelli and other distinguished specialists contributed high-quality research results and up-to-date developments in the field. This is a comprehensive volume outlining current directions in nonlinear analysis and its applications.