Untangling Molecular Biodiversity presents a unique global framework to explain molecular and organismal biodiversity that is grounded in evolutionary genomics. This book will tackle important questions such as the origin of life, the emergence of biochemistry, the origin of viruses, the nature of the last universal common ancestor responsible for diversified life, the role of information and thermodynamics in evolution, the reason for having three cellular domains in life, and the centrality of modules in biology.This book will explore six themes: (1) Explanatory frameworks for biological organization; (2) Evolutionary patterns and biodiversity; (3) Molecular structure and evolutionary genomics; (4) A framework of persistence strategies that borrows from engineering and systems biology; (5) Use of this framework to explain diversity in the molecular world; and (6) Exploring the origin and evolution of cells and viruses.Consequently, this book represents a very unique collection of ideas that can attract the attention of a broad readership interested in life sciences/biology.