Although John Dewey is celebrated for his work in the philosophy of education and acknowledged as a leading proponent of American pragmatism, he might also have enjoyed more of a reputation for his philosophy of logic had not Bertrand Russell attacked him so fervently on the subject. This text analyzes the debate between John Dewey and Bertrand Russell that followed the 1938 publication of Dewey's "Logic: The Theory in Inquiry". It argues that Russell failed to understand Dewey's logic as Dewey intended and that this logic is relevant to recent developments in philosophy and cognitive science.