Neuropathies are a collection of disorders that occur due to damage, destruction or dysfunction to the nerves of the central or peripheral nervous system. The causes may be traumatic injury, infections, metabolic disorders or chemical insults to the nervous tissue resulting in crippling complex disease conditions. In this book, the authors discuss the current understanding of the status of neuropathy research and the therapeutic role of phytochemicals and spices; cardiac autonomic dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Melliuts; objective investigation of multiple sclerosis related optic neuritis; neuropathy induced by organophosphorus compounds; and the role of neuromuscular ultrasound in the diagnostics of immune-mediated neuropathies.