In light of the very public debate on the federal budget this year between Democrats and Republicans, the economic ramifications of tax policy are now more than ever a focus of national attention. This volume is thus an invaluable tool, publishing current academic research findings on taxation and government spending. The papers collected here include a review of current fuel economy taxation; research on implicit taxes on work from Social Security and Medicare; an analysis of how future increases in aggregate health care expenditures will affect future tax rates required to support Medicare and Medicaid; and analyses of the implications of large and sustained budget deficits on the economy.