This law school casebook examines cases through the analytical framework of critical race theory. The fourth edition provides more emphasis on economic justice issues like the racial wealth gap and introduces the topic of reparations. The book examines the role that legal doctrine played in producing those economic injustices and considers how the law can remedy those harms. The fourth edition better connects the racial bias and judiciary chapter to specific judicial opinions throughout the balance of the casebook. The fourth edition has separate chapters on civil procedure, torts, contracts, criminal procedure, criminal law and sentencing, and property. The book examines cases and shows the relevancy of race even though it appears that race has nothing to do with the decision. Lastly, the book provides cases where the courts have applied critical race theory principles.