The first cameras appeared on campaign during the Crimean War of 185456, but the technology was only barely portable and the limitations of photographic plates restricted photographers to carefully posed shots in ideal lighting conditions. Yet these images also show armies on the brink of the application of the Industrial Revolution to warfare. Succeeding years see cameras travel in search of war images around the world. The American Civil War, however, first demonstrates how photography can provide a permanent record for individuals of their own war experience, how it can capture the battlefield experience, and how images can be manipulated for dramatic and propaganda effects.