This book contains edited versions of papers first presented at the Second International Conference on High Performance Structures and Materials. These detail the latest developments in design, optimisation, manufacturing and experimentation and demonstrate that the use of novel materials is no longer restricted to highly technical areas such as aeronautical or automotive applications, but now also affects fields such as civil engineering and architecture. Over 65 contributions of interest to civil, mechanical, aerospace, ocean and biomedical engineers as well as those involved in microstructure research are grouped within the following sections: Composite Materials and Structures; Damage and Fracture Mechanics; Material Characterisation; Emerging Technologies; High Performance Materials; High Performance Concrete; Natural Fibre Composites; Optimal Design; Structural Dynamics; and Structural Characterisation.