Successful restoration requires the understanding of both a system's ecological functioning and the natural and human impacts that can alter or destroy it. Mediterranean-type ecosystems are found all over the world and have suffered extensive and varied damage, particularly by human populations. Now that we recognize the effects that even small alterations can have on the long-term functioning of an ecosystem, scientists and environmental managers are charged with the goal of recreating systems that will continue to function successfully. The authors contributing to this volume use case studies of restoration projects to provide guidelines for restoring various types of ecosystems. They discuss practical techniques for preventing further habitat loss and species extinction and enabling biological functions to recover. The book will also give special attention to maintaining biodiversity and minimizing the effects of climate change.