This volume features selected papers presented at the first French-Moroccan Mathematics Days (F2MDays'23) held at the Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco 2023. During these days, a variety of scientific activities involving training, workshops, and international conferences on scientific mediation, applied mathematics, innovation, and didactics of mathematics where held. The event provided an opportunity to build bridges between mathematical communities, reinforce existing international cooperation, and initiate new ones, hence contributing to the outreach of all involved parties.