This contributed volume includes papers from the Population Health Improvement Research Network (PHIRN) of Ontario and offers a focused analysis of the social and economic determinants of health that impact the health status of populations in Ontario as well as the conditions that can improve the health status of populations across Canada. The different sections address health policy theories, research methods, program interventions, and strategies for knowledge translation. Population Health in Canada is appropriate for use in upper-year undergraduate heath sciences, social sciences, and political science programs, and for graduate study on the multi-disciplinary, interdisciplinary, and trans-disciplinary nature of population health research.