An enduring epicenter of conflict and instability in the Middle East, Iraq has not only experienced domestic upheavals, but also generated threats to international peace and security for more than 25 years. Is an end to the violence, and the establishment of an enduring peace within a unified state, a realistic goal? How can it be achieved, and what may stand in its way? Addressing these questions - and arguing that a downward spiral of violence and possible state collapse can be avoided - the authors of ""Iraq: Preventing a New Generation of Conflict"" consider the sources of conflict in the country and outline the requirements for a successful peacebuilding enterprise.