The emerging multidisciplinary field of regenerative engineering is devoted to the repair, regeneration, and replacement of damaged tissues or organs in the body. To accomplish this it uses a combination of principles and technologies from disciplines such as advanced materials science, developmental and stem cell biology, immunology, physics, and clinical translation. The term "regenerative engineering" reflects a new understanding of the use of tissue engineering for regeneration and also the growing number of research and product development efforts that incorporate elements from a variety of fields. Because regenerative engineered therapies rely on live cells and scaffolds, there are inherent challenges in quality control arising from variability in source and final products. Furthermore, each patient recipient, tissue donor, and product application is unique, meaning that the field faces complexities in the development of safe and effective new products and therapies which are not faced by developers of more conventional
therapies. Understanding the many sources of variability can help reduce this variability and ensure consistent results.


The Forum on Regenerative Medicine hosted a public workshop on October 18, 2018, in Washington, DC, to explore the various factors that must be taken into account in order to develop successful regenerative engineering products. Invited speakers and participants discussed factors and sources of variability in the development and clinical application of regenerative engineering products, characteristics of high-quality
products, and how different clinical needs, models, and contexts can inform the development of a product to improve patient outcomes. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.

Table of Contents


Front Matter
1 Introduction and Overview
2 Sources of Variability Associated with Regenerative Therapies: Lessons from Case Studies
3 Factors Contributing to Patient Variability
4 Addressing Variability in Donor Tissues and Cells
5 Addressing Variability and Meeting Quality Expectations in the Manufacturing Setting
6 Exploring Variability and Its Impact on Product Regulation and Outcomes
7 Potential Next Steps to Consider for Addressing Variability
References
Appendix A: Workshop Agenda
Appendix B: Speaker Biographical Sketches
Appendix C: Statement of Task
Appendix D: Registered Attendees