For almost twenty years, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity (BPEA) has provided academic and business economists, government officials, and members of the financial and business communities with timely research of current economic issues. Contents Include: Articles: Patent Expiration, Entry, and Competition in the U.S. Pharmaceutical Industry, Richard E. Caves, Michael D. Whinston, and Mark A. Hurwitz Brand Loyalty and the Decline of American Automobile Firms, Fred Mannering and Clifford Winston Wage Dispersion between and within U.S. Manufacturing Plants, 1963-86, Steve J. Davis and John Haltiwanger Organizing Industrial Organization: Reflections on the Handbook of Industrial Organization, Franklin M. Fisher Directions and Trends in Industrial Organization: A Review Essay on the Handbook of Industrial Organization, Alvin K. Klevorick Merger Analysis, Industrial Organization Theory, and Merger Guidelines, Robert D. Willig