This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed joint post-conference proceedings of two consecutive International Workshops on Learning Classifier Systems that took place in Atlanta, GA, USA in July 2008, and
in Montreal, Canada, in July 2009 - all hosted by the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO.

The 12 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from the workshop contributions. The papers are organized in topical sections on LCS in general, function approximation, LCS in complex domains, and applications.