Rudolf Carnap (1891-1970) is considered the pioneer of logical positivism, but his work was thought to have been repudiated. Recently he has been undergoing a reappraisal, and this book of essays by leading philosophers, logicians, and art historians attempts to return Carnap to his rightful place. The philosopher’s early days as a utopianist, the root of his thought in neo-Kantianism, his social and political activism – all are explored in these important essays.