Volume 1B presents a collection of thirteen essays providing a review of present knowledge, with references to the wider literature. Together they show just how much is already known of the vital role fungi play in our world. More importantly, they signpost the major gaps in our knowledge, and indicate the necessity of continuing (and accelerating) research in Australian mycology. The essays cover:*Freshwater fungi*Marine fungi*Plant parasitic fungi *Associations between arthropods and fung*Gut-inhabiting fungi of Australian herbivores*Mycoses and macrofungal poisoning of domestic and native animals*Fungi as a food resource for mammals in Australia*Aboriginal knowledge and use of fungi*Macrofungi toxic to humans*Fungi and mycotoxins in foods*Human mycoses