Although the principles of an ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF) are not new, there is very little practical experience in their implementation. Translating high-level policy goals on EAF into operational objectives and actions is now the key challenge to sustainable fisheries. This booklet will provide and overview of EAF, for marine capture fisheries, and its benefits; consider what is required to implement EAF; consider the range of management measures available; provide an overview of the management process; outline any outstanding research requirements; and list the main threats to the implementation of EAF.