Developed in this book is a classic presentation about the structure and physical properties of polymers. Particular emphasis is placed upon peculiarities of chemical structure of polymers, their topology, intermolecular interactions, and the influence of intermolecular interactions on the glass transition temperature, cohesion energy, dielectric constant, etc. Special attention is given to the relaxation properties such as stress relaxation and creep as well as long term processes of failure. Both relaxation models of various types and memory functions are given consideration. The mechanism for the deformation of rubbery polymers is analysed. A modern presentation of the influence of chemical structure of polymers on the glass transition temperature, thermal coefficient of volume expansion, heat capacity, dielectric properties, flexibility of polymer chains, microporous structure, Van-der-Waals volume, etc., are set out in this book.