This book is intended for undergraduate and graduate researchers and practitioners in computational sciences and as a reference book for an advanced computational methods course. We have included new results for iterative procedures in abstract spaces general enough for handling inverse problems in various situations related to real-life problems through mathematical modeling. The book contains a plethora of updated bibliography and provides comparison between various investigations made in recent years in the field of computational mathematics in the wide sense. Iterative processes are the tools used to generate sequences approximating solutions of equations describing the real-life problems stated above and others originating from Biosciences, Engineering, Mathematical Economics, Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Chemistry, Mathematical Physics Medicine, Mathematical Programming, and other disciplines. The book also provides recent advancements on the study of iterative procedures and can be used as a source from which one can obtain the proper method to use in order to solve a problem. The book requires a fundamental background in Mathematical Statistics, Linear Algebra and Numerical Analysis. It may be used as a self-study reference or as a supplementary text for an advanced course in Biosciences, Engineering and Computational Sciences.