This book provides an extensive overview of the standard methodologies utilized in examining the effects of climate change on agriculture. It presents methodologies for measuring and constructing inventories of greenhouse gas emissions, as well as for analyzing vulnerabilities and potential mitigation strategies. The books content is written in a straightforward and clear manner, allowing researchers to easily apply the methodologies in field studies. The book is organized into four sections, with individual chapters dedicated to topics such as the quantification of climate change impacts on crops in controlled and field conditions, the effects of climate change on water resources, soil fertility, erosion, and carbon sequestration, as well as the impacts on insects, pests, weeds, microbes, and diseases. The first section discusses recent mitigation strategies developed by scientists to reduce the effects of climate change and promote sustainable agriculture through various means, such as the use of markers in the development of climate-resilient varieties. The second section focuses on conservation agriculture and mitigation strategies, as well as the use of biofertilizers to support sustainable agricultural practices. The third section examines the impact of climate change on pest scenarios across crops and offers insights into potential pest avoidance strategies. The final section discusses agroforestry and how it can help minimize the effects of climate change. The book concludes with a discussion on the impact of climate change on crop and livestock sectors, as well as strategies for mitigation and adaptation. The role of ICT and extension agencies in policy-making and technology dissemination is also addressed.