This second volume considers the rural economy of Roman Britain through the lenses of the principal occupations of agriculture and rural industry. It has two main concerns, the documentation of what is currently known of agricultural and industrial production in the countryside, and an exploration of the contribution that material culture can make to our understanding of how those resources moved across the province to feed and support military and civil populations and the development of towns and infrastructure between the mid-first century A.D. and the beginning of the fifth century A.D. At the same time, the classification and regional appraisal of rural settlement that is at the heart of Vol. 1, The Rural Settlement of Roman Britain, has enabled this study to provide a social context for rural production and consumption.