This Geotechnical Special Publication contains 44 peer-reviewed papers presented at the GeoHunan International Conference: Challenges and Recent Advances in Pavement Technologies and Transportation Geotechnics, which took place in Changsha, Hunan, China, from August 3 to 6, 2009. Natural soil deposits exhibit a high degree of non-homogeneity and their geotechnical properties can change unexpectedly due to varying stress conditions. This makes soil behavior a multi-dimensional and multi-faceted phenomenon. This proceedings examines the current technological advances in geotechnical engineering, specifically with regard to soil behavior and testing methods. The papers gathered in this volume underscore the significance and validity of in situ and laboratory testing in the design of foundations, tunneling, and soil structures. The topics analyzed in this volume include: soil behavior and laboratory testing, in situ test methods for site characterization, design, and quality control of earth structures and subgrades, pile foundations in subgrade, and tunnel engineering. This publication will be valuable to geotechnical professors and students, geotechnical engineers, design engineers, contractors, and professionals involved in geotechnical engineering. Ranking: Moderate.