In many countries development of mines, dams, high-rise buildings or airports is unable to proceed without a positive environmental impact statement (EIS). This process of environmental impact assessment (EIA) aims to ensure that the likely outcomes of any development are addressed at an early stage so that disastrous environmental and social consequences can be avoided. This book examines the crucial role of EIA in government decision-making in Europe, the Nordic countries, North America, Asia and the Pacific.