This book explores the life of Sebastian Tengnagel, the imperial librarian who established Vienna's first major collection of Arabic, Turkish, Persian, and Hebrew manuscripts. By examining his correspondence and interactions with European scholars and Ottoman subjects, it sheds light on his pursuit of knowledge. Highlighting the significance of his manuscript collection and his political and religious positions, this book provides fresh insights into seventeenth-century Vienna as a center for the acquisition and dissemination of Oriental scholarship.