This volume contains the papers presented at DS-2007:The Tenth International Conference on Discovery Science held in Sendai, Japan, October 1–4, 2007. The main objective of the Discovery Science (DS) conference series is to p- vide an open forum for intensive discussions and the exchange of new ideas and information among researchers working in the area of automating scienti?c d- covery or working on tools for supporting the human process of discovery in science. It has been a successful arrangement in the past to co-locate the DS conference with the International Conference on Algorithmic Learning Theory (ALT). ThiscombinationofALTandDSallowsforacomprehensivetreatmentof the whole range, from theoretical investigations to practical applications. C- tinuing this tradition, DS 2007 was co-located with the 18th ALT conference (ALT 2007). The proceedings of ALT 2007 were published as a twin volume 4754 of the LNCS series. The International Steering Committee of the Discovery Science conference series provided important advice on a number of issues during the planning of Discovery Science 2007. The members of the Steering Committee are Einoshin Suzuki (Kyushu University, Chair), Achim G.