This remarkably cutting-edge issue of the Anesthesiology Clinics is devoted to patient safety and simulation. Simulation has revolutionized training of anesthesiologists and preparation for surgery, helping to ensure the most successful outcomes for patients. It is imperative that today's anesthesiologist, both beginning and seasoned, learns what simulation mechanisms have to offer, as this is vital to the future of the field. Patient safety is the anesthesiologist's number-one priority, and this issue covers the essential and most practical topics, including Taxonomy, Types of Simulation--New Vistas; Anesthesiology national CME program and ASA activities in Simulation; How Simulation Improves Patient Safety; Simulation Applications for Human Factors and Systems Evaluation; The Ethical Mandate for Simulation, Credentialing and Certifying with Simulation; Statewide systems; CRM Team Training; Simulation: Translation to Improved Team Performance; Serious Games; Virtual Worlds; Virtual Reality; Procedural Simulation; Debriefing; and Integration of Standardized Patients into Simulation.