This book discusses the current state of strategies that utilize the ability of microbes to remediate waste sources, such as wastewater streams and mine tails, and provide environmentally friendly options to mitigate soil and water pollution caused due to heavy metals. It also provides details about the development of biodegradable plastics from microbial sources and how they can be economical and greener alternatives to the currently used options. It will act as a single platform for combining the remedial powers of microbes which can be both sustainable and practical under a single volume. This text will be particularly useful for govt. institutions, academicians, and industry professionals, who deal in wastewater remediation and sustainability of currently used sources of plastics and other high-value metabolites. It will also be of practical help to engineers involved in remediation processes for wastewater and industrial waste.