This book principally contains practical aspects of biotechnology, its theoretical background, working principles, and procedures meant for conducting experiments in laboratories. The experiments in this book are spread out throughout different chapters such as Biochemistry, Microbiology, Immunology, Molecular biology, Plant and Animal Biotechnology, Environmental Technology, Industrial Biotechnology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics. Furthermore, a chapter has been devoted towards discussion on safety guidelines, setting up of a biotechnology laboratory, ethical issues concerning microbiology and genetic engineering work along with different reagent preparation for conducting laboratory experiments. Each chapter aims to describe both the theory and relevant practical details for a given technique, and to identify both the potential and limitations of the technique. This book is designed as an intensive introduction to the various tools of molecular biology. It introduces all the basic methods of molecular biology including cloning, PCR, Southern blotting, Northern blotting, Western blotting, DNA sequencing. This book is useful for final year undergraduate (especially project) students, post-graduate research students and research scientists and technicians who wish to understand and use new techniques in the field of Biotechnology.