From the middle ages to the twenty-first century, India has held a fascination in the German imagination, not only as geographical location, but also as a philosophical and spiritual concept. Similarly, India has long held an interest in German language and culture, including wide recognition of several German authors, philosophers, and Indologists. This cross-cultural interest between the Indian subcontinent and the German-speaking world has manifested itself in literature, linguistics, the performing arts, religion, philosophy, history, politics, and many other fields. Concepts and names that mark some of the channels of exchange and communication between the two cultures include Balthasar Sprenger, Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg, Kalidasa’s Sakuntala, Herder, the Schlegel brothers, Hegel, Schopenhauer, Heine, Nietzsche, Max Müller, Hermann Hesse, Rabindranath Tagore, the ideology of the “Aryan,” Subhash Chandra Bose and his affiliation with Hitler, Gandhi, Annemarie Schimmel, Günter Grass, and others. In recent years, Orientalist Studies, Postcolonial Studies, Intercultural German Studies, and Transnational Studies have given new impetus and directions to the interest in Indo-German relations. The aim of this book is to achieve an overview over the current state and trends of research in this field.