Cotton and other fibres are used to produce textiles. The United States is the largest exporter of cotton, and China is the world's largest importer. China is also the world's largest producer and consumer of cotton. However, data on China's domestic cotton market are considered unreliable, and new sources of information are needed. Exports are important for China's textile industry, and shifts in textile export volume affect China's demand for fibre. This book examines the current cotton market and trade issues for the U.S. and China.