This volume contains selected papers from the DIMACS Workshop on Logic and Random Structures held in November 1995. The workshop was a major event of the DIMACS Special Year on Logic and Algorithms. The central theme was the relationship between logic and probabilistic techniques in the study of finite structures. In the last several years, this subject has developed into a very active area of mathematical logic with important connections to computer science. The DIMACS workshop was the first of its kind devoted to logic and random structures. Recent work of leaders in the field is contained in the volume, as well as new theoretical developments and applications to computer science.