A clean, secure, safe and affordable energy future is among the pre-eminent challenges facing the United States, and a major acceleration is needed in the pace of energy technology innovation, invention, translation, adoption and diffusion. The U.S. must be at the forefront of energy technology innovation over the next decade for reasons of economic competitiveness, environment and security. Meeting this challenge will require extraordinary actions at the Federal level, in concert with the private sector that owns and operates the vast majority of the energy supply. This book examines the challenge ahead for building a sustainable energy future and transforming the U.S. energy economy.