This volume represents a compendium of research conducted by international scholars who participated in the 2nd Symposium on Advances in Geospatial held during "The 5th International Conference on Medical Geology" in Arlington, Virginia, USA, in 2013. The research topics dealt with here mainly focus on the new scientific field of medical geology used to address a variety of human health issues and diseases specifically related to geological materials and earth-system processes. This volume will be of interest to those who wish to learn about current and historical health issues relating to geological materials or other environmental factors. It also represents a useful guide to learning the interdisciplinary approach to problem-solving in the field of medical geology.