Intangible heritage includes oral traditions, memories, languages, traditional arts, rituals, knowledge systems, values and know-how; it is the ancient knowledge, traditional knowledge and the knowledge that inheres in poor and often marginalised communities - knowledge that enriches our lives and must be safeguarded and passed on to future generations. This monograph defines what is meant by the term 'intangible heritage'. It then reviews the legal and financial instruments developed by countries and international bodies to manage these resources and analyses how they relate to instruments that deal with intangible heritage. The authors recommend ways that communities can safeguard their intellectual property rights as well as how cultural policy-makers within government and donor agencies can support communities by linking development initiatives with arts and heritage.