This book is a comprehensive "how to guide" for virtual archaeology, describing the fundamental principles, techniques, and algorithms of the field. The book begins with an overview of the most commonly used techniques, methods, and algorithms available for documenting, studying, and recreating historical sites. Topics covered include overview of computational photography, geometry processing, material and lighting simulation, visualization, and rendering techniques. The book then describes how to apply these techniques in a real-world setting. The book is complemented by a set of case studies from invited coauthors describing how virtual archaeology techniques were used in a variety of projects.