Job-exposure matrix (JEM) is a tool used to convert information on job titles into information on occupational risk factors. JEM-based analysis is economic, systematical and often the only reasonable choice in large retrospective studies where exposure assessment at the individual level is not feasible. The Finnish national job-exposure matrix (FINJEM) is the first and so far the only general JEM that can yield quantitative estimation of cumulative exposure. The present study applied current FINJEM estimates on 43 chemical exposures and several cancer-related other factors in 393 occupational categories. The development of computerized registers including unique personal identifiers has facilitated large retrospective studies based on register linkages. In the Nordic countries, there is a good opportunity to undertake these kinds of studies successfully because of reliable registration systems, including population censuses and national cancer registers. By application of FINJEM and register linkages, this book evaluated associations of numerous occupational exposures and selected cancers (e.g., lung cancer, ovarian cancer, testicular cancer) in a cohort of all economically active Finns born in 1906-1945 who participated in Population Census 1970 (667,121 men, 513,110 women). This study developed and validated a routine analysis procedure for future linkage studies applying FINJEM. Size: B