This book focuses on state-of-the-art sensing and automation technologies for apple production, which provides innovative knowledge on imaging processing, AI algorithms, sensing techniques, non-destructive detection, and robotics. It falls into the area of applied science, more specifically engineering. This book, including a total of seven chapters, provides undergraduates or graduate take-away knowledge for autonomous apple production, which include but not limited to, apple harvest robotics, autonomous pollination, fruit quality detection, and postharvest infield sorting. A major innovative for this book is that it provides case studies for readers’ easy understanding. The incentive behind this book is to provide readers the latest, systematic, comprehensive new technologies for apple production.