The six papers in this publication summarize key discussions at the Haifa Prevention Workshop. The workshop was an intensive three day meeting that addressed important questions and controversies in translational cancer prevention. In the first chapters, papers are included on environmental exposures and life style; linking of colorectal cancer, breast cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer with exercise and activity; linkage between tobacco smoke exposure and genetic function; melanocyte carcinogenesis; and a new paradigm to risk assessment. Also statistical issues surrounding the design and analysis of surrogate outcomes were addressed and specific examples of the different approaches to biomarker discovery and validation were given.