Efforts to develop new, highly active and selective catalytic materials benefit significantly from the interface between materials science and catalysis. To that end, materials scientists, chemists, chemical engineers, physicists and theorists from around the world come together in this book to discuss not the application of known catalysts to new reactions, but rather to explore new catalytic materials. These new materials continue to yield improvements in the selectivity, energy efficiency, and reliability of refining, petrochemical and chemical processes. Catalysts are also increasingly used to solve environmental problems. All papers in the book were peer-reviewed and are grouped by topic. The focus moves from classes of materials to nanostructure control and modification, to synthesis strategies, to industrial applications and devices. Topics include: carbon; carbides and nitrides; oxides; mesoporous materials; monoliths, foams, films and membranes; synthesis and design; novel synthesis methods and industrial application and devices.