Biology is shifting from its data-poor origins to a quantitative data, high-throughput regime. Accompanying this change is an increasing technical capacity to engineer biological constructs. This book is about theory in this new context for the Life Sciences. Three articles, each preceded by an explanatory introduction, are presented. They propose: * A framework for prediction in this new data-rich regime. * A theory on the systemic nature and hematopoietic origin of Parkinson's Disease. * An approach to engineering design in the biological context, in particular in Synthetic Biology.