This publication analyses changes which have occured in satoyama-satoumi ecosystems over the last 50 years and identifies plausible future scenarios for the year 2050 taking into account various drivers such as governmental and economic policy, climate change, technology and socio-behavioural responses. This provides a new approach to landuse planning that addresses not only economic development but also cultural values and ecological integrity. This book is a key reference text for development planners, postgraduate students, policymakers, scientists and others interested in the environment and development.