Molecular Impacts of Nanoparticles on Plants and Algae covers molecular mechanisms of plants/algae related to cellular uptake, translocation of nanoparticles, and genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome responses against it. The book introduces readers to state-of-the-art developments and trends of nanoparticles and plants/algae including interactions of nanoparticles with biological compounds in vitro. Nanoscience and nanotechnology have rapidly been developed in the last few decades, and they have a wide range of applications in industry, medicine, food, and agriculture. In agriculture, nanoparticles (NPs) have successfully been used for growth regulation, crop protection and improvement. This book presents the most recent findings on nanoparticle and plant/algae interaction by focusing on molecular response mechanisms at genome, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome levels. In addition, uptake and translocation mechanism of nanoparticles are assessed both in plant and algae. Throughout this book, the latest developments and discoveries are highlighted, along with open problems and future challenges in molecular mechanisms of plants/algae as a response of nanoparticles.